与新疆有关的英语专用词 2007-09-21 14:19

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亚欧大陆腹地                               the hinterland of the Eurasian Continent

中国西北边陲                               in the border area of northwest China

主要通道和枢纽                           main passageway and hub

流动性大沙漠                               shifting sands

戈壁荒滩                                       barren sands of the Gobi Desert

荒地和草场                                   wasteland and pastureland

喀斯特地貌            Karst landform

雅丹地貌               Yadan/Yardang Landform

l   山脉/山峰

南疆                                                South of Xinjiang

北疆                                                North of Xinjiang

东疆                                                East of Xinjiang

天山山脉                                        Tianshan Mountains

博格达山脉                                    Bogda Mountains

托木尔峰                                        Mount Tomur

博格达峰                                        Bogda Mountain

乔戈里峰                                        Qogir Peak

汗腾格里峰                                    Hantengri Peak

阿尔泰山脉                                    Altay Mountains

友谊峰                                            Friendship Peak / Mount Friendship

昆仑山脉                                        Kunlun Mountains / Kunlun mountain system

喀拉昆仑山                                    Karakorum Mountain

                                            Karakorum and Pamir mountain ranges

公格尔山脉                                    Mount Kongur

慕士塔格山                                    Mount Muztagata /Muztag Mountain

昆仑山                                            Kunlun Mountain

阿尔金山                                        Altun Mountain

l   高原

帕米尔高原                                   Parmir Plateau

l   盆地

准噶尔盆地                                    Junggar Basin  (Jungaria)

塔里木盆地                                    Tarim Basin

吐鲁番盆地                                    Turpan/Turfan  Basin

l   沙漠

塔克拉玛干沙漠                            Taklimakan Desert

库姆塔格沙漠                                Kumutage Desert

古尔班通古特沙漠                        Gurbantunggut Desert

l   戈壁                                      Gobi

l   草原                                      Grassland

中亚草原                                        the Central Asia Grasslands

那拉提草原                                    Nalat Grassland

巴里坤草原                                    Barkol Grassland

巴音布鲁克草原                            Bayanbulak Grasslands

 

l   河流

和田河                                            Hotan River

开都河                                            Kaidu River

孔雀河                                            Peacock River

额比河                                           the Ebinur   River

伊犁河                                            the Ili River

叶尔羌河                                        Yarkant River

乌伦古河                                        the Ulungur River

玛纳斯河                                        the Manas River

塔里木河                                        the Tarim River

阿克苏河                                        Aksu River

克孜勒苏河                                    Kirzlesu River

额尔齐斯河                                    the Ertix River

l   湖泊

天池                                                Lake Tianchi

艾比湖                                            Lake Ebinur

艾丁湖                                            Lake Aydingkol

罗布泊                                            Lake Lop Nur

乌伦古湖                                        Lake Ulungur

博斯腾湖                                        Lake Bosten

赛里木湖                                        Lake Sayram

喀纳斯湖                                        Lake Kanas

贝加尔湖                                        Lake Baikal

l   冰川

盐池                                                the Salt Lake

终年积雪覆盖                                snow-cupped all the year round

充足的水资源                                plentiful water resources

无霜期                                            frost-free period

淡水湖                                            freshwater lake

达坂城                                            Dabancheng Town

伊犁河谷                                        Ili Valley

果子沟                                            Fruit Valley

星星峡                                            Xinxin Gorge

阿尔金山自然保护区                    the Altun Montain Nature Reserve

太平洋                                            Pacific Ocean

大西洋                                            Atlantic Ocean

印度洋                                            Indian Ocean

北冰洋                                            Arctic Ocean

天山南北                                        North and south of the Tianshan Mountains

塔河上下                                        alone the Tarim River       

乔格里峰                    Qogir Peak  

尤尔都兹盆地                Yulduz Basin 

红其拉甫山口                                Kunqirap Pass   

吐尔尕特山口                                Turugart Mountain Pass

霍尔果斯口岸                                Korgas Port    

Kumkor Basin   

二、历史沿革

 

多民族聚居的地区                       a Multi-ethnic Region

岩画                                                rock paintings

萨满教                                            Shamanism

丝绸之路                                        the Silk Road

车师前部                                       Anterior Cheshi

中原                                                Central Plains

                           (comprising the middle and lower reaches of the Huanghe River)

河西走廊                                        Gansu Corridor

汉朝                                                Han Dynasties

高昌郡                                            Gaochang Prefecture

塞北(古指长城以北地区)        in the region north of the Great Wall

鄯善镇、焉耆镇                            Shanshan and Yanqi garrison commands

西汉                                                the Western Han Dynasties

西域                                                the West Region

屯田                                                open up wasteland for cultivation of farm crops

安西大都护府                                the Grand Anxi Frontier Command

西域都护府                                    the Military Viceroy’s Office of the Western Region

                                                        The Western Regions Frontier Command

北庭都护府                                    Beiting Military Viceroy’s Office

安西四镇                                       four garrison commands of Anxi

峰火台                                            beacon towers

石窟建筑                                        sacred grottoes

千佛洞                                            thousand-Buddha grottoes

古墓葬                                            ancient tombs

屯田遗址                                        garrison sites

克孜尔尕哈烽火台            Kezilgaha Beacon Tower

库木吐拉千佛洞              Kumutula  Thousand-Buddha Grottos

柏兹克里克千佛洞                        Bezkrik Thousand-Buddha Grottos

拜城克孜尔千佛洞                        Kezil Thousand-Buddha Grottoes in Baicheng

回鹘                                                Uighurs (an ancient name for modern Uygurs)

喀拉汗王朝                                    Karakhanid Dynasty

                                                        Karahan Kingdom

成吉思汗                                        Genghis Khan

察合台汗国                                    Qagatay Khanate    

(蒙古成吉思汗二子察合台在西域建立的藩属国)

(a vassal state created by Qagatay, the second son of Genghis Khan, in the Western Regions)

白山派首领                                   chief of the Aktaglik Sect of Islam

叶尔羌汗国                                   Yarkant Khanate

浩罕汗国                                       Kokand Khanate

阿古柏                                           Yakubbae

费尔干纳                                       Fergana   

阿帕霍加墓                              Apahoja Tomb

艾提尕尔清真寺                   Etgal Mosque

伊犁将军                    Ili General

契丹人           the Khitan tribe

耶律大石          Yollig Taxin

葛逻禄           Karluk

册封王、贝子、公等世袭爵位

conferring the hereditary titles of princes and dukes on Mongolians and the Uygurs

坎儿井                                   the Karez Well

额敏塔                  Ermin Minaret 

库车大寺                                Kuqa Mosque

拱拜(弧形陵墓)          dome-shaped tomb    

穆罕默德                Mahomet

屯垦戍边                                cultivate and guard border areas

兴建水利,开垦荒地            built water conservancy works and reclaimed wasteland

植树造林、防风固沙            sand breaks and forest belts, rigged up a green barrier

 

三、行政区划

(一)行政区域名

新疆维吾尔自治区                               Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

1.        乌鲁木齐市                                    Urumqi City

天山区                                                   Tianshan District

沙依巴克区                                           Shayibak District

新市区                                                   Xinshi District

经济技术开发区                                    Economic & Technological Development Zone

高新技术开发区                                    High-tech Industrial Development Zone

水磨沟区                                               Shimougou District

东山区                                                   Dongshan District

头屯河区                                               TouTunhe District

南山矿区                                              

乌鲁木齐县                                           Urumqi County

2.        哈密地区                                        Hami Prefecture

哈密市                                                   Hami City

伊吾县                                                   Yiwu County

巴里坤哈萨克自治县                           Barkol Kazak Autonomous County

3.        吐鲁番地区                                    Turpan/Turfan Prefecture

4.        吐鲁番市                                        Turpan/Turfan City

托克逊县                                               Toksun County

鄯善县                                                   Shanshan County

5.        昌吉回族自治州                            Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture

昌吉市                                                   Changji City

米泉市                                                   Miquan City

阜康市                                                   Fukang City

奇台县                                                   Qitai City

吉木萨尔县                                           Jimsar County

木垒县                                                   Mori County

呼图壁县                                               Hutubi County

玛纳斯县                                               Manas County

6.        石河子市                                        ShiHezi City

7.        克拉玛依市                                    Karamay City

乌尔禾区                                              Urho Distract

独山子                                                  Dushanzi Distract

百口泉                                                  Baikouqian Distract

8.        伊犁哈萨克自治州                        Yili Kazak/Hasak Autonomous Prefecture

9.        奎屯市                                           Kuytun City

10.    伊犁地区                                       Yili Prefecture

伊宁市                                                   Yining City

霍城县                                                   Huocheng County

尼勒克县                                               Nilka County

昭苏县                                                   Zhaosu County

特克斯县                                               Tekes County

巩留县                                                   Gongliu County

新源县                                                   Xinyuan Conuty

察布查尔锡伯自治县                           Qapqal Xibe/Xibo Autonomous County

11.    塔城地区                                       Tacheng Prefecture

塔城市                                                   Tacheng City

乌苏市                                                   Usu City

沙湾县                                                   Shawan County

额敏县                                                   Emin County

裕民县                                                   Yumin County

托里县                                                   Toli County

和布克赛蒙古自治县                           Hoboksar/

Hobuksar Mongol Autonomous County

12.    阿勒泰地区                                     Altay Prefeture

阿勒泰市                                               Altay City

哈巴河县                                               Habahe County

布尔津县                                               Burqin/Burgin County

吉木乃县                                               Jeminay County

福海县                                                   Fuhai County

富蕴县                                                   Fuyun County

青河县                                                   Qinghe County

13.    博尔塔拉蒙古自治州                   Bortala/Bartala Mongol Autonomous Prefeture

博乐市                                                   Bole City

温泉县                                                   Wenquan County

精河县                                                   Jinghe Country

14.    巴音格楞蒙古自治州                    Bayangol Mongol Autonomous Prefecture

库尔勒市                                               Korla City

和静县                                                   Hojing County

和硕县                                                   Hoxud/Hoxut County

博湖县                                                   Bohu County

轮台县                                                   Luntai County

尉犁县                                                   Yuli County

若羌县                                                   Ruoqiang County

且末县                                                   Qiemo County

焉耆县                                                   Yangi County

15.    阿克苏地区                                    Aksu Prefecture

阿克苏市                                               Aksu City

温宿县                                                   Wensu County

库车县                                                   Kuqu County

新和县                                                   Xinhe County

沙雅县                                                   Sayar/Xayar County

拜城县                                                   Baicheng Country

乌什县                                                   Wushi Country

阿瓦提县                                               Awat County

柯坪县                                                   Kalpin County

16.    克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州            Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture

阿图什市                                               Artux City

阿克奇县                                               Akqi County

阿克陶县                                               Akto County

乌恰县                                                   Wuqia County

17.    喀什地区                                        Kashi Prefecture

喀什市                                                   Kashi City

疏附县                                                   Shufu County

疏勒县                                                   Shule County

巴楚县                                                   Bachu County

伽师县                                                   Jiashi County

岳普湖县                                               Yopurga County

英吉沙县                                               Yengisar County

麦盖提县                                               Markit County

莎车县                                                   Shache County

泽普县                                                   Zepu County

叶城县                                                   Yecheng County

塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县                   Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County

18.    和田地区                                        Hotan Prefecture

和田市                                                   Hotan City

和田县                                                   Hotan County

皮山县                                                   Pishan County

墨玉县                                                   Moyu County

洛浦县                                                   Lop County

策勒县                                                   Qira County

于田县                                                   Yutian County

民丰县                                                   Minfeng County

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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